The National Assessment of Educational Progress, 2016 (NAEP 2016) is a data collection that is part of the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) program; program data are available since 1990 at https://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/naepdata/. NAEP 2016 (https://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/) was a cross-sectional survey of student achievement assessing what America's 8th-grade students know and can do in the musical and visual arts. The data collection included paper-and- pencil assessments of students as well as online questionnaires of teachers and school administrators. NAEP 2016 included only national-level assessments. Key statistics produced from NAEP 2016 include overall results of student performance and achievement, student performance results for various subgroups of students, and information on various educational factors.